Influenza, commonly known as the flu or respiratory flu, is a contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses. This seasonal affliction poses significant health risks and challenges worldwide. Here's a concise overview:
Viral Origin: Influenza is caused by influenza A, B, or C viruses, with influenza A being the most severe.
Transmission: It spreads through respiratory droplets from coughs and sneezes or by touching contaminated surfaces.
Symptoms: Common symptoms include fever, cough, sore throat, body aches, fatigue, and headache.
Complications: In severe cases, the flu can lead to pneumonia, hospitalization, and even death, particularly in vulnerable populations.
Vaccination: Annual flu vaccines help prevent infection and reduce its severity.
Antiviral Medications: Prescription antiviral drugs can mitigate symptoms and duration if taken early.
Epidemics: Seasonal flu epidemics occur annually, with occasional pandemics like the 1918 Spanish flu and 2009 H1N1 influenza.
Preventive Measures: Frequent handwashing, avoiding close contact with sick individuals, and wearing masks during outbreaks help prevent transmission.
Public Health Importance: Influenza remains a significant public health concern, straining healthcare systems during peak seasons.
Research: Ongoing research is vital to develop more effective vaccines and antiviral treatments.
Global Impact: Influenza affects people of all ages and has economic consequences due to healthcare costs and lost productivity.
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