Dengue fever is caused by the dengue virus, which exists in four distinct serotypes (DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, and DENV-4). It is transmitted to humans through the bites of infected female Aedes mosquitoes, primarily the Aedes aegypti mosquito. Dengue presents as a sudden onset of high fever, severe joint and muscle pain, headache, and a skin rash resembling measles. In severe cases, it can progress to dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome, which can be life-threatening due to internal bleeding and organ failure.
Prevention is crucial in areas where dengue is endemic. Measures include eliminating mosquito breeding sites (stagnant water), using insect repellents, wearing protective clothing, and using bed nets. There is no specific antiviral treatment for dengue, so supportive care is focused on managing symptoms, ensuring hydration, and monitoring for complications.
Early diagnosis and prompt medical attention are essential for a better prognosis. If you experience symptoms resembling dengue in an endemic area, seek medical assistance immediately.
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